A sudden spike in cases of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) has put families across Delhi and Haryana on high alert. This viral infection, common among children, is spreading fast through schools and day-care centres. Health experts have emphasised that while the disease has no specific medication, early identification and home-based care can facilitate a smoother recovery and prevent further spread. Unlike seasonal cough and cold, HFMD leaves very visible marks on the body, making it easier to spot if one knows what to look for.
Fever that refuses to stay mild
One of the first signals of HFMD is a sudden rise in temperature. Unlike the low-grade fever that passes within a day or two during common viral infections, HFMD fevers may linger and make the child unusually tired or restless. This is the stage before rashes and mouth blisters begin to show up.
Small blisters inside the mouth
Mouth sores are a unique marker of this illness. Tiny, painful blisters appear on the tongue, inside the cheeks, or on the gums. Children may avoid eating or drinking because of the discomfort, which increases the risk of dehydration. During this phase, cold liquids, soft foods, and plenty of hydration can help ease the irritation.
Red rashes on palms and soles
Unlike other viral infections, HFMD leaves rashes on very specific areas, the hands and feet. Small red spots or bumps appear on the palms and soles, sometimes even on the knees or buttocks. These rashes are not just cosmetic; they can feel itchy or sore, which makes children cranky and irritable.
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Sore throat and drooling
A less-discussed but equally important symptom is throat pain. Many children develop a sore throat along with increased salivation, as swallowing becomes painful. This symptom is generally dismissed as just another seasonal infection, is actually a strong indicator when seen alongside blisters and rashes.
Irritability and fatigue that feels unusual
HFMD doesn’t just show physical symptoms, it affects behaviour too. Parents notice unusual crankiness, poor sleep, or extreme tiredness in their children. These changes are triggered by the combined effect of fever, body discomfort, and difficulty in eating due to mouth ulcers.
How the virus travels so quickly
HFMD spreads mainly through respiratory droplets when an infected child coughs or sneezes. Saliva, nasal discharge, and even fluid from the blisters can carry the virus. Shared toys, books, or desks in schools become hotspots for transmission. The contagious period usually lasts for about a week after the fever starts, which is why isolating the child becomes crucial.
Precautions that actually work
- Keep the child at home: Sending an infected child to school risks spreading the virus to classmates. Isolation until recovery is necessary.
- Hand hygiene beyond basics: Proper handwashing with soap for at least 20–30 seconds after coughing, sneezing, or using the toilet helps break the chain of transmission. Hand sanitisers are useful but less effective when hands are visibly dirty.
- Disinfect shared items: Toys, tables, and other surfaces touched frequently should be cleaned regularly with safe disinfectants.
- Gentle diet adjustments: Hot, spicy, or acidic foods should be avoided as they can worsen mouth ulcers. Cold milk, smoothies, or soft khichdi are soothing alternatives.
- Hydration as priority: Offering fluids like water, coconut water, or clear soups can prevent dehydration, especially when eating becomes difficult.
HFMD usually resolves on its own within 7–10 days. However, if a child shows signs of persistent high fever, severe dehydration, or unusual drowsiness, immediate medical attention is essential.Disclaimer: This article is meant for general awareness only. HFMD symptoms and severity may vary in each child. For diagnosis and treatment, please consult a qualified medical professional.
